Activity 2: Main laboratory equipment and symbols

Laboratory materials and symbols

IN THIS ACTIVITY  WE SEARCH THE NAMES OF THE LABORATORY MATERIALS

ºTO PROTECT YOUR EYES .................GOOGLES

ºFOR MEASURING THE TEMPERATURE.........THERMOMETER

ºFOR CLEANING INSIDE DE TUBE................WIRE BRUSH

ºFOR MEASURING MASS...........................WATCH GLASS

ºFOR REMOVING A HOLDING HOT BEAKER................BEAKER TONGS

ºTO PROTECT THE BOTTOM OF BEAKER OR FLASK FROM THE FLAME,TO 

ºSUPPORT BEAKER OR FLASK ON A RING CLAMP........................WIRE 
GAUZE

ºFOR HOLDING A FLASK,BEAKER OR A TEST TUBE ON A RING STAND..........TEST TUBE HOLDER

ºFOR HOLDING AN INDIVIDUAL TEST TUBE......................IRON RING

ºFOR HOLDING ONE OR MORE TEST TUBE.......................TEST-TUBE RACK

ºFOR MEASURINGAND POURING LIQUIDS,NOT FOR A HEATING OR 
MIXING SUBSTANCES...................GRADUATED CYLINDER

ºFOR MEASURING AN POURING LIQUIDS, FOR EATING AND MIXING SUBSTANCES..........................BEAKER

ºTO AID POURING LIQUID FROM A WIDE MOUTH CONTAINER TO A SMALL MOUTH CONTAINER;TO FILTER SUBSTANCES WHEN FILTER PAPER IS USE ..................FUNNEL
ºFOR HEATING A SMALL AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE.........................LAB BURNER

ºFOR MEASURING A LENGTH OR DISTANCE....................................METER STICK

ºFOR TRANSFERRING A SMALL AMOUNT(DROPS) OF   LIQUID...............DROPPER

ºFOR PLUKING OR HANDING SMALL OBJECTS..................................TONGS

ºTO MIX OR STIR SUBSTANCES, MADE OF GLASS TO RESIST HEAT, STAINS, CORROISON.....................SPATULA

ºFOR HEATING, STERILIZATION AN COMBUSTION......................BUNSEN BURNER

ºFOR STIRRING.........................STIRRING ROB

ºFOR PULLING LIQUID INTO A PIPETTE.......................MICRO PIPETTES


ºFOR HOLDING SOLIDS WHILE BEING WEIGHTED,OR AS A COVER FOR A BEAKER....................PIPESTEM TRIANGLE


ºFOR MAKING UP SOLUTIONS TO KNOWN VOLUME.................ERLENMEYER FLASK

WHAT WILL YOU USE FOR MEASURE THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCES?

ºTo holding 100ml of water is the beaker

ºTo measuring 27ml of liquid isthe Graduated cylinder

ºTo mesuring exactly 43ml of an acid is the Buret

ºTo massing out 120g of sodium chloride is the  Balance

Now we are going to explain you all of those safety labels:

The first is called highly flammable, this are that spontaneously flammable substances. Avoid contact with air. Highly flammable gases and flammable liquids. Keep away from open fires, sources of heat and sparks.

Some examples of this one are: the acetone, the hydrogen sulphide, the aerosols, the methanol and the xylene.

The second is called oxidising, that are the substances that can ignite combustible material or worsen existing fires and thus make fire-fighting more difficult. Keep away from open fires, sources of heat and sparks.

An example of this one are the peroxides.

The third one is called gas that are those pressurized gas vessel. Some can explode with the heat such as compressed gases.  Liquefied gases can cause cryogenic burn due to the very low temperature.

An example of this one is the liquid nitrogen

The next one is the corrosive one, where the substances are those that can destroy living tissue as well as equipment. Do not breathe vapours and avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.

Some examples of this one are sulphuric acid, peroxides, sulphur trioxide and sodium hydroxide.

The other is the explosive one where are the substances that may explode under definite conditions.  Avoid shock, friction, sparks and heat.

An example is the case of the aerosols.

This safety label is called toxic, this substances are very hazardous to health when breathed, swallowed or in contact with the skin and may even lead to death. Avoid contact with the human body.

Some examples are: hydrogen sulphide and methanol.

The next one means irritant, that is the symbol that designates substances that can attack metals and may have an irritant effects on skin, eyes and respiratory organs. Don't breathe vapours and avoid contact with skin and eyes.

Some examples of this one are acetone, aerosols, peroxides, sulphur trioxide, sodium hydroxide and xylene .

This one means that those substances are harmful by inhalation: are the substances that when aspirated can cause diverse harmful effects (cancerous effects, fertility problems, foetus malformation, malfunction of the liver, breathe allergies, …).

Some examples of this other one are sulphuric acid and xylene.

And the last one appears when the substance is harmful to natural environment that substances can cause harmful effects on aquatic life (fishes, crustaceans, algae, other aquatic plants, …).

An example for this last one is the hydrogen sulphide.

Now we’re going to talk about Student Laboratory Code of Conduct

We’re going to expose you what we propose to do in different scenarios:

• If a drop of sodium hydroxide falls on your hand we propose to put your damaged hand under the water during one minute more or less.

• In the case that you are not wearing safety goggles and some reagent reaches your eyes we propose you to wash them with water and stay with the eyes under the water during a quarter hour more or less and if the situation doesn't get better we propose to go to the hospital

• If the situation is that you have accidentally ingest a chemical product being aware the causing the vomit is not always recommended we propose firstly listen the person, don't get panic mode, if the person feels suffocating we have to do the mouth to mouth. After this he have to move the person to a safe place and take him/her to the hospital were they have to monitor their constants and hear the doctor's opinion.

• And the last scene is if the lab burns down, we propose being aware that the water is not always useful to turning it off with the extinguisher and remove the substances and the materials that are highly flammable. If the fire doesn't get better we propose to remove the highly flammable things and exit from there, call the firefighters.