Activity 9: Secondary treatment - flocculation - pH
Team: Elena Montiel, Marina García i Àlvaro
Rivas
Date: 27/11/18
1. Aim of the study
For this
project we had to check the ph of the same substance but different amount of
quantity, on this case with water and drops of lemon juice, putting this two
substances together we saw that the amount of ph of it can change depending on
the quantity of each substance. The more water it had, more ph and more stable
it was, and the more lemon juice it had more acid the substance was, we can see
this thanks to the ”ph indicator”, which changed the color of the paper
depending on the ph of the measured substance.
2. Materials
-
Two smallest beakers
-
Test tube (4)
-
Pipet
-
Dropper
-
Lemon (1)
-
Distilled water
-
Indicator of Ph
3. Methodology
So we
grabbed four test tubes and put in 2 ml of water in each, except one of them,
then we putted different amount of drops of lemon juice on each test tube (the
first one with two, then 4 and 6, the final one with 2 ml of this substance),
then we mixed the substance and then we measured the ph of each, after observe
it, we saw that all of them were acids, so we tried to turn them into most
basic substances, making them more stable, to do that we had to more water in
each test tube, to compensate the amount
of drops of lemon juice and water.
4. Results and discussion
The results
that can we extract of this experiment is that the water has remained of a
yellowish color and the lemon more thrown to orange. Then we throw 1ml more of
water in each test tube and the indicator of Ph show us a lighter color.
5. Conclusions
The goal of
this experiment was to find and see, which number of pH had each test tube with
different quantities (drops) of lemon we've put. Later we’ve calculated the
amount, in ml, of lemon and the concentration with the program excel. Finally
we did a graphic that explains that depending on the amount of drops of lemon
you put the pH can be higher and changes the colour.
You can
also suggest improvements for future experiments.
6. References
There’s
any references only the explanation of the teacher.
Questions:
- Which is the dependent variable? Which is the independent one?
In my
opinion the two substances are dependent because if you want to decrease the ph,
make the substance more acid, you have to put more lemon juice on it, and if
you want to increase the ph you would have to put more water to make it more
basic and stable.
- Why should we consider two control test tubes? Which ones?
To compare
the two different situations, the one with more lemon juice and the one with
more water in it. Doing this we can observe the different ph in the two
different solutions at the two test tubes. In this way is way easily than doing
all at once, if you do it in two or more test tubes you can compare them at the
same time and same conditions, so it’s more reliable.
- Which is the pH in blood? And in gastric juice?
Blood pH
measures the acidity of the blood, and normal levels are anywhere between 7.35
and 7.45, there are considered normal. Anywhere above or below that can lead to
serious health problems. The pH of the gastric juice varies, from 1-2 up to
4-5, considering different situations, like depending on after the digestion or
the meal type (proteins..).
Activity 9: Flocculation - pH
Reviewed by Elisabet Mas de les Valls
on
November 30, 2018
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